What effect does high cholesterol have on the blood vessels?

High cholesterol has a significant impact on the vascular system, particularly in how it contributes to the formation of plaque in the arteries. Cholesterol, when present in excess, can combine with other substances in the blood, such as fats and cellular waste. This combination can accumulate in the walls of arteries, forming a thick, hard substance known as plaque.

As plaque builds up, it narrows the channels through which blood flows, leading to reduced blood flow and oxygen supply to various organs and tissues. This process, known as atherosclerosis, can lead to serious cardiovascular issues, including heart disease and strokes. Therefore, the formation of plaque as a direct consequence of high cholesterol is a critical concern regarding cardiovascular health.

Understanding this mechanism highlights the importance of managing cholesterol levels to maintain healthy blood vessel function and prevent cardiovascular diseases. The other options do not specifically address the direct correlation between high cholesterol and the physiological impact on blood vessel health, which reinforces why the formation of plaque is the primary concern.