What does the term "glycemic index" refer to?

The term "glycemic index" specifically refers to the ranking of carbohydrates based on their effect on blood sugar levels after consumption. It measures how quickly and how much a carbohydrate-containing food raises blood glucose levels compared to a reference food, typically glucose or white bread. Foods with a high glycemic index are absorbed rapidly and can lead to spikes in blood sugar, while those with a low glycemic index are absorbed more slowly, providing a more gradual increase in blood sugar.

Understanding the glycemic index is crucial for managing conditions like diabetes, where blood sugar control is essential. It can also play a role in general dietary planning, especially for individuals looking to maintain steady energy levels and reduce hunger between meals. Other options, like ranking protein sources or measuring fats and vitamins, do not pertain to how carbohydrates impact blood glucose and therefore do not align with the definition of the glycemic index.