What does HDL stand for and what is its role?

HDL stands for High-Density Lipoprotein, which plays a crucial role in heart health. It is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because its primary function is to transport cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver. This process is important because it helps to prevent the buildup of cholesterol in the arteries, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes. By facilitating the removal of excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, HDL helps maintain a healthy balance of lipids and supports overall heart health.

The other options misrepresent HDL's function; for instance, suggesting that it carries cholesterol to the arteries inaccurately portrays its role, as HDL aims to prevent rather than promote arterial plaque buildup. Similarly, the mention of HDL breaking down fats is misleading, as its primary function is related to cholesterol transport, not fat metabolism directly. Lastly, “High Dietary Lipoprotein” does not correctly define HDL, which is specifically about its density and role in cholesterol transport.